Urology is the medical branch that studies the urinary tract of men and women and the reproductive systems of men. In addition, the surgical treatment of the adrenal glands falls within the field of urology. It examines the diagnosis and treatment process of all diseases related to organs such as kidneys, bladder, ureters, urethra, penis, testicles, scrotum and prostate gland. Urology incorporates both urinary tract infection and urinary system surgical interventions.
Urology is divided into sub-disciplines within itself. These can be counted as andrology, pediatric urology, female urology, neuro-urology, endourology and uro-oncology.
Andrology: Andrology deals with sexual dysfunctions. Sexual health of men and women and infertility in men are common and studied diseases. Diseases such as erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, varicocele fall under the scope of this sub-branch.
Pediatric Urology: It examines the urological diseases seen in children. Undescended testis, hypospadias (prophet circumcision), VUR (vesicoureteral reflux), Nocturnal Enuresis (wetting during night), hydrocele (fluid accumulation in the testis sac), inguinal hernia and circumcision, medical and surgical treatments are also included in this sub-branch.
Female Urology: It includes two branches, namely urogynecology. Diseases such as sagging of the pelvic organ, urinary incontinence and overactive bladder are taken care of.
Neurourology: It examines urinary excretion problems caused by disorders of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves. Necessary treatments are carried out for the diagnosis of diseases that occur as a result of complaints such as urinary problems experienced at night and frequent urination.
Endourology: It deals with the diagnosis and treatment of stones formed in the urinary tract and kidneys. Treatments can be done in different ways according to the size and frequency of the stones.
Uro-oncology: Diagnosis of urological organ cancers such as bladder, kidney, prostate or testis and open, endoscopic and medical treatments of these diseases fall under the scope of this sub-branch.